SWOT analysis of Japan free essay sample

Japan Strength Abundant entertainment Tokyo provides a range of attractions for visitors looking for authentic Japanese culture, numerous shops, restaurants, museums, art galleries, and sightseeing, including modern buildings and historic architecture. Centre for business Tokyo is a global business hub, including international conventions. Tokyds stock exchange is one of the worlds big three stock exchange Weakness Expensive Though Japan has experienced deflation in recent years, prices in Tokyo are still much higher than in other Asian countries. Also public transportation and accommodation are expensive. Few Direct International Flights Most international flights arrive at Narita International Airport. Tourists are required to take a one hour train ride from the airport to get to the city. Only 11% of visitors arrive at Tokyo Haneda International Airport. Opportunities Growing Inbound A large increase in the number of international visitors is expected to grow over the next three years. Supported by growing economies, an increasing number of Asian travelers will spend on premium standards Luxury Hotels A fall in the price of land, a large increase in international travellers and MA among domestic hotels that are facing financial difficulties will provide opportunities for global luxury hotel operators. We will write a custom essay sample on SWOT analysis of Japan or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Threats Low priced trips to neighbours Prices of travel packages to Japans neighbouring countries are falling. The number of direct flights from local airports to Seoul will increase. Weekend holidays to Seoul will become more appealing Declining Population Travelling within the USA is threatened by a decrease in the national population. decrease in the travelling population (people travelling to the country to have a hoilday).

A Farewell To Arms - A Love Story Essays - English-language Films

A Farewell To Arms - A Love Story Essays - English-language Films A Farewell to Arms - A Love Story A Farewell to Arms, by Ernest Hemingway, is a typical love story. A Romeo and his Juliet placed against the odds. In this novel, Romeo is Frederick Henry and Juliet is Catherine Barkley. Their love affair must survive the obstacles of World War I. The background of war-torn Italy adds to the tragedy of the love story. The war affects the emotions and values of each character. The love between Catherine and Frederick must outlast long separations, life-threatening war-time situations, and the uncertainty of each other's whereabouts or condition. This novel is a beautiful love story of two people who need each other in a period of upheaval. Frederick Henry is an American who serves as a lieutenant in the Italian army to a group of ambulance drivers. Hemingway portrays Frederick as a lost man searching for order and value in his life. Frederick disagrees with the war he is fighting. It is too chaotic and immoral for him to rationalize its cause. He fights anyway, because the army puts some form of discipline in his life. At the start of the novel, Frederick drinks and travels from one house of prostitution to another and yet he is discontent because his life is very unsettled. He befriends a priest because he admires the fact that the priest lives his life by a set of values that give him an orderly lifestyle. Further into the novel, Frederick becomes involved with Catherine Barkley. He slowly falls in love with her and, in his love for her, he finds commitment. Their relationship brings some order and value to his life. Compared to this new form of order in his life, Frederick sees the losing Italian army as total chaos and disorder where he had previously seen discipline and control. He can no longer remain a part of something that is so disorderly and so, he deserts the Italian army. Frederick's desertion from the Italian army is the turning point of the novel. This is the significance of the title, A Farewell to Arms. When Frederick puts aside his involvement in the war, he realizes that Catherine is the order and value in his life and that he does not need anything else to give meaning to his life. At the conclusion of this novel, Frederick realizes that he cannot base his life on another person or thing because, ultimately, they will leave or disappoint him. He realizes that the order and values necessary to face the world must come from within himself. Catherine Barkley is an English volunteer nurse who serves in Italy. She is considered very experienced when it comes to love and loss since she has already been confronted with the death of a loved one when her fiance was killed earlier in the war. The reader is not as well acquainted with Catherine's inner thoughts and feelings as we are with those of Frederick. The story is told through Frederick's eyes and the reader only meets Catherine through the dialogue between her and Frederick or through his personal interpretations of her actions. Catherine already possesses the knowledge that her own life cannot be dependent on another. She learned this lesson through the death of her fiance. Her love for Frederick is what her life revolves around, yet she knows not to rely on him to be the order in her life. Had she been dependent on Frederick for the order in her life, she would not have been able to allow him to participate in the war for fear of losing her own stability with his death. The theme that Hemingway emphasizes throughout the novel is the search for order in a chaotic world. Hemingway conveys this through Frederick's own personal search during the chaos of World War I. Catherine has found strength within herself to lead her through life. This is what Frederick must come to realize. Through his involvement with Catherine, Frederick slowly finds his own inner strength. Frederick's affair with Catherine prompts him to leave his wild life of prostitutes and drink. He becomes aware of an element of stability in their affair and realizes that the war that he was involved in was

Case #2 Technology in retail Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

#2 Technology in retail - Case Study Example When they are ready to pay, the tap the phone or by use of a reader which is usually attached to the register. The customers can also scan shelf edge by using their phone to get details of the products they want to purchase. This system enhances the ease in acquisition of information about products easily and therefore boosts Topshop’s sales. M&S Browse and order hubs. Allows customer to scan barcodes bar code to browse. The screens come along with the card payment machine. The customers can order the products by use of the hub, and have it delivered to them or pick it at a later date. This can be used to the advantage of the shop in competitions as it makes the process of selling quite efficient and accurate, above all

Malware Forensic Computing Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Malware Forensic Computing - Assignment Example Computer forensics or cyber forensics is a very imperative topic in information systems and networks management. Forensics is the structured procedure of gathering, examining and showing facts and evidences to the court of law, and thus, forensic computing is defined as â€Å"the discipline that combines elements of law and computer science to collect and analyze data from computer systems, networks, wireless communications, and storage devices in a way that is admissible as evidence in a court of law† (US-CERT 2008). This involves the seeking, locating and securing the electronic data so as to provide evidence. This electronic or magnetically encoded data may include text messages, databases, pictures, e-mail, websites, spyware, malware, and so on. The evidence collected is strong and indisputable as compared to any other branch of forensic science because a copy that is made of the collected data is identical to the actual data and there is no room left for dispute. The whol e concept revolves around the idea that a structured investigation is carried out to find out what exactly happened to the computer, when it happened, how it happened, and who did it. This is just like solving a murder case and performing postmortem. The operator does not know that the evidence information is transparently being created and stored by the computer’s operating system which can only be extracted through computer forensics software tools and techniques. ... The crimes include misuse of computer systems, attack on computer systems, using a computer system to work against another system, failure of a computer system, and the list continues. Computer forensics security solutions focus not only on recovery but also on prevention of security threats in order to provide securer solutions that are quicker and cheaper than the conventional techniques. These solutions include intrusion detection system (IDS), internet security system, biometric security system, net privacy system, firewall set-ups, network disaster security system, identity theft prevention system, identity management security system, and so on (Vacca 2005: 146). 2.2. Malware Forensics Malware is the malicious code that computer intruders use to do a cyber attack, and malware forensics is the forensic computing techniques used by the investigators to detect and analyze this malicious code or malware (Ligh et al. 2010). Since cyber attackers are becoming increasingly aware if com puter forensics techniques, they are designing much more sophisticated malicious codes that are at times hard to detect and analyze. Casey, Malin and Aquilina (2008) state that â€Å"By employing techniques that thwart reverse engineering, encode and conceal network traffic, and minimize the traces left on file system, malicious code developers are making both discovery and forensic analysis both difficult.† 2.2.1. Types of Malware The most common instances of malware are the viruses, worms, Trojan horses, scareware, and exploits. Viruses get installed in the computer files through email scams, websites, downloads, etc. Worms work the same way as viruses. Scareware is a malware that

Burger king Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Burger king - Essay Example All the concerns in this kind of order are about the right and satisfied serving and nothing beyond it. â€Å"What do you want?† following â€Å"How do you want it?† are the concerned questions of the employer. Now depending upon the want of particular customer, employee has to make sure that exact want of the customer is facilitated. Earlier [MD09] customers have objections about the postponement in serving the order at different branches of the Burger King and blog posts are there that sounds like in the early development phase of Burger king customers have serious issues and the entertainment of enjoying food was fully spoiled by the long run wait in the way to order serving. Burger King Store located at Luton is relatively a warm site to be visited in winter seasons. Keeping into consideration the issues faced by the Burger King Customer in other stores, this branch is designed to be spacey, clean and shinny to entertain as much customers as possible. To ensure happy customer service, the staff is increased to an extent - in the relocated Burger King branch in Luton – that in routine days no waiting queues are noticed. It’s in occasional days when queues are there but with the efficient staff quick execution of the waiting queues is no more a nightmare. Burger King is competing McDonald with its superb taste and people just love the way it is. Standard of Burger King is really fare and demanding. Burger King located in Luton -The Mall Arndale is termed by the regular customers as a â€Å"good branch at excellent site†. Being slightly warmer, Luton is a high-quality point of sale in winters. Want a quick bite to eat so visit Burger King as it is indeed a good place. Following are some of the perspectives of the service quality offered in the Burger King located in Luton -The Mall: a. Spacious: Lot more capacity is offered by the Burger King branch located at Luton that makes the relocated and refurbished branch a

Time Management Is Very Important for Academic Achivement Essay Example for Free

Time Management Is Very Important for Academic Achivement Essay A child is a human between the stages of birth and puberty. [1] Some biological definitions of a child include the fetus, as being an unborn child. The legal definition of child generally refers to a minor, otherwise known as a person younger than the age of majority. A Child may also describe a relationship with a parent (such as sons and daughters of any age) or, metaphorically, an authority figure, or signify group membership in a clan, tribe, or religion; it can also signify being strongly affected by a specific time, place, or circumstance, as in a child of nature or a child of the Sixties. Abuse is the improper usage or treatment for a bad purpose, often to unfairly or improperly gain benefit. Abuse can come in many forms, such as: physical or verbal maltreatment, injury, sexual assault, violation, rape, unjust practices; wrongful practice or custom; offense; crime, or otherwise verbal aggression The bottom line regarding child abuse is that its occurrence crosses all gender, race, societal and economic lines. The Administration of Children and Families estimate 3,503,000 children received an investigation by CPS agencies in 2004 as follows: 62. percent of victims experienced neglect, 17. 5 percent were physically abused, 9. 7 percent were sexually abused, 7. 0 percent were psychologically maltreated, and 2. 1 percent were medically neglected. Who is at highest risk of becoming a child abuse victim? What factors should be considered when assessing child abuse risk factors? Adults who experienced abuse as children. When assessing child abuse risk factors, statics show that some adults who were abused as children repeat that same behavior with their own children. Victims of child abuse are often unable to develop healthy ways of disciplining their children, so repeat the behaviors they learned themselves as children. Adults involved in an abusive relationship with an intimate partner. Another dynamic to consider when assessing child abuse risk factors is a parent/caregiver who is involved in an abusive relationship themselves. The child abuse may occur either out of frustration and shame over the abuse the adult experiences, or because of a minimized ability to function in a healthy and appropriate relationship with their children. Child with disabilities or mental retardation. A child with extraordinary needs may increase the burden of care on the caregiver, potentially leading to higher stress levels. Further, a parents or caregivers lack of understanding the childs needs and development may lead to abuse by the parent or caregiver who perceives the childs behavior inappropriately or inaccurately. Family disorganization, dissolution. When assessing child abuse risk factors, children in families on the brink of dissolving, or have already dissolved are at a high risk for abuse due to increased stress level in the relationships. Sometimes one parent abuses the child as an unconscious way to hurt the other parent or one of the parents blame the child for contributing to the dissolution or disorganization of the family. Poverty, unemployment, stress, distress. Poverty is not a cause of child abuse. When assessing child abuse risk factors, though, poverty, unemployment and other socioeconomic disadvantages of the family place a child at high risk for becoming a victim of child abuse. The stress, sense of hopelessness, potential loss of possessions and livelihood can increase stress to a boiling point, with adults lashing out at those who are most vulnerable. Depression and other mental health conditions. Mental illness can cause adults to respond and react in violent or at least unhealthy ways. Relationships with children and others in the life of a depressed or mentally ill individual can be strained and misunderstood, sometimes leading to abuse.. Negative interactions and/or poor child-parent relationships. This type of dynamic creates a vicious cycle of mutual anger and frustration. When a parent and child have a difficult or challenging relationship, the parent may lash out in anger and frustration by abusing the child. Medical practitioners, teachers, child care providers and others in a position of responsibility for children are required by law to report suspected child abuse. Reporters may remain anonymous to the suspected abuser and investigators will thoroughly investigate the allegation. The burden of responsibility for proving abuse is on the investigator, not the reporter.

Emily Brontes Wuthering Heights - Not a Romance Novel :: Free Essay Writer

Wuthering Heights - Not a Romance Novel Emily Brontà «, author of Wuthering Heights, grew up in isolation on the desolate moors of Yorkshire, knowing very few people outside of her family. In the book, Brontà « contradicts the typical form of writing at the time, the romance, and instead composed a subtle attack on romanticism by having no real heroes or villians, just perceivable characters, and an added bit of a Gothic sense to the whole thing. Brontà « accomplishes this by presenting us with the anti-romantic personalities of Heathcliff and Edgar, main characters who are brutal and immoral monsters, who eventually die in the end. The novel's generally tedious atmosphere hardly creates a parallel to the typical romance where everything is laid out nice and neat and "near-perfect" to the reader, but rather takes place on the barren grasslands of England, where dreary weather and something else are present. Emily Brontà «'s utilization of the character Heathcliff contradicts the impression of romance. Heathcliff's pessimism and self-absorbtion is evident when he says, "Linton would be nothing, nor Hindley, nor all the dreams that ever I dreamt. Two words would comprehend my future - death and hell" (147, Brontà «). Heathcliff never reveals any "charm" like a romantic hero would, instead, he is abussive to everyone, " . The character Heathcliff is definitely not a romantic hero.   Edgar is also a very unromantic character. He really doesn't care what his love wants and becomes jealous and arrogant when he suggests that, "The kitchen [be] a more suitable place for [Heathcliff]" (96). Edgar hates the idea of Heathcliff being happy so he practically disallows Catherine from seeing him. Brontà «'s creation of a bleak mix of bad weather and a setting of barrenness in the story do not fit the romantic guidelines. This point is brought to attention early in the novel when Lockwood thinks that Wuthering Heights is, "So completely removed from the stir of society. A perfect misanthropist's heaven" (1). Here, she is describing what characters think of the country side, "Yesterday afternoon set in misty and cold. I had half a mind to spend it by my study fire instead of wading through heath and mud to Wuthering Heights" (14). Here again the country side is described, " there was no moon and everything beneath lay in misty darkness" (125).

Disembodied Existence Essay

A linguistic philosopher heavily supports this statement, since it is a contradiction in terms, using their monistic thoughts. To them life after death, is a contradictory concept, because you cannot continue to live, after you have died; it would be surviving death. The concept of disembodied existence to the linguistic philosopher cannot be coherently explained because it is a contradiction, as they already hold the presupposition of monism, which believes that soul and body are one entity, which cannot be separated. For them a disembodied existence, is not an option and therefore using linguistic philosophy, the premise of disembodied existence does not hold well, because there should be no life after death. Other thinkers have criticised with this type of philosophy, but they themselves are dualists. For example, Schlick argues that it is possible to have life after death, by claiming you could witness your own funeral. It now, becomes plausible that disembodied survival is coherent and not a contradiction in terms, from this point of view, as mind and body after death could have been have been separated, as they are composite natures, to the dualist. So when the body is experiencing the funeral processes, your mind can be watching from somewhere else. Pronouns, such as ‘you’, ‘her’ and so on, are used in linguistic philosophy to refer the person, and mainly the physicality of the person, but if the context changes, the meanings of the pronouns can be applied to others things, such as the non- physical objects. Subsequently, it is also valid to claim that, the pronoun ‘I’ is not like the other pronouns. When you use the word, ‘I’- it is not in reference to the physicality of yourself, but you are referring to your mentality. It is subjective, and personal. The ‘I’ does not refer to the body but to the mind inside the body, and therefore if people can talk about themselves without consideration of their body, then disembodied existence of both themselves and others, becomes less contradictory and coherent from this point of view. On the other hand, even if the linguistics were to accept the life after death proposition, they could argue the problems of identification, because now, we recognise others, by their physicality. We look at a person and think, ‘Ah yes brown hair- that is Susan’. Others know the person by their physical natures, like voice and so forth. However, when we are in this afterlife world, how are we to recognise each other without a body or voice? To them, identification of others becomes impossible without the body, and therefore they advocate that the disembodied survival, to not only a contradiction and incoherent, but problematic. Although, many arguments have attacked this stand, the easiest approach to this problem is to argue that a person knows another person, not only by their physicality, but also by their own, distinctive and unique personality. For dualists, personality is not part of the physicality, but a mind state. As a result, if disembodied existence is to be accepted, for a dualist, the identification of others is not a contradiction, and is logical and coherent. The coherency of disembodied existence can be supported by cases of telepathy, which also regards the workings of mind states, without physical input. Telepathy shows that the concept of disembodied survival is not only conceivable, and can be understood coherently and telepathy is somewhat of tangible evidence, as it can be proved, through stringent tests, also by analysing the records already at our disposal, because the mind can work independently to the body. The other problem, of proclaiming the philosophy of disembodied life after death, is continuation. For us to survive death and even begin to discuss the chances of an after life, there must be this non-stop flow; a continuity of us. The person who dies and survives death should be us, we are the ones to move in to the afterlife. Physco- physical advocate, John Hick’s uses his famous, Replica Theory, in order to show that, continuity is logical possibility. Hick’s start by saying imagine a person sitting somewhere, and then all of a sudden stops existing in that place, only to exist somewhere else, without journeying to that new place. Some could argue this person is not the actual person who had disappeared, but examining the person in question thoroughly, such as memories, stomach contents and fingerprints, it does turn out to be them, even if they themselves do not know how they got there in the first place. The person at the second place would be regarded as an exact ‘replica’ of the person who died. The replica is created as soon the person dies, and they cannot exist simultaneously. Then imagine, if that person died, and emerged in the second place. Even though this is not ordinary, it could happen. He uses these two instances to claim, that if a person dies here, only to reappear in another world, it can happen, and nothing is wrong with assuming that it does happen. This theory is used to show the continuity of ourselves, in entering the after life. It seems coherent and completely logical, thus disembodied existence is not contradiction. Admittedly, there are problems with this theory, as it does not prove continuity at all, because the replica becomes the problem. When we die, the replica is going to the after life, not us -the original. The continuity stops for the briefest of moments, when the replicas are made, and from that point, the argument no longer is coherent, as it tries to advocate continuity but becomes contradictory, because the replica, used to maintain the coherence, becomes the article that starts the contradiction, because it stop the coherence. It seems that if talks of disembodied survival were to be taken into account, the coherency, the lack of evidence and the frequency of its contradiction would become a major issue, in particularly with the Replica Theory. An explanation for a type of disembodied existence can be explained by using both subjective and objective immortality arguments. Beginning with subjective immortality, it proposes that Jesus’ teaching and Gospel records, the resurrection and the fact that we believe in a God of love, we can justified in believing that we could have a disembodied existence. Other reasons stem from the philosophical reasoning at hand, such as Plato’s and Kant’s philosophy, which argues for the soul’s immortality, and in addition the human capacity to even experience the ‘eternal’ does seem to mean that there must be something that is eternal is us. It is disputed, admittedly, that even though we can experience little of the concept ‘eternal’ we do not necessarily have to be eternal. There are qualities that are associated with the divine, that we seem to be aware of , such as compassion and forgiveness, and still we are not divine ourselves. Therefore disembodied survival can not be coherently explained In addition, it is not reasonable to argue from the Platonic version of the immortal soul or the moral argument as represented by Kant, because there is no empirical evidence to support either of these. The immortality of the soul is highly dependent on the world of the Forms which has yet to be proven, just like, the Kantian moral argument, which calls for there to be a God to provide us with the summum bonum in another life. Again, God is an unproven, unsupported concept. An argument cannot be used to prove something else, if it is not proved itself.

Global Elite Notes

SOC 189 – #1 Exam 1. Is meritocracy fair? Discuss the pros and cons of our achievement-oriented society. Does it give rise to a meritorious elite? Why or why not? This country was founded on the principle that one’s status in society should be determined by your individual achievements, not by your conditions at birth. The idea is that we are all created equal, with equal opportunities, not results. The concept of meritocracy is essential to our ideas about American exceptionalism.A benefit of using meritocracy is that people are getting credit and success for their achievements – which is something everyone have control over and can do something about. This also creates motivation to work hard among the people. When the people are eager to improve them selves, it increases the level of intelligence in the society. This will result in good leaders, which will hopefully lead the society to success. According to this, meritocracy sounds like a good idea, but it doe s not always have a happy ending.Not everyone is up for hard work and competition, and the competition can easily depress some of us and make them give up in the society. The class stratification can get bigger with this kind of society, with the poor people at the bottom. It will create a winner – looser relationship between people, and many will not be happy. Many may say that it is fair because you get what you deserve, and what you have worked so hard for. But there are also many â€Å"corrupt deals† going on here. School test are supposed to be totally fair, when the smartest and those who score highest is getting in to the best schools.The problem is that the kids with richer families are being prepared for the test by expensive tutors, when kids with less money cannot afford it. Some tests even cost money, so not everyone is getting the chance. The people at the top have found ways to â€Å"cheat† their way up in the meritocracy society, where it is suppo sed to be the ones who deserves it, the best of us who gets the opportunities. Now there is fewer and fewer skillsets that is seen as useful to the society, so fewer and fewer people gets credit and reward for your achievementsIf you work hard, you achieve big. The concept is good, because it gives people a chance to make it in the world by your skills and achievement – things you have control over, instead of your ascribed factors that you were born into like race, gender, culture and family-class. Meritocracy was coined by Michael Young, a british sociologist, political activist and social critic. He introduced the concept in 1958 in his book The rise of the Meritocracy. The winners of this system believes it is fair! Cons: Ability is highly concentrated by the engine of education * Over time, schools have put their seal of approval on a narrower and narrower range of people – and in an earlier and earlier stage * The top people of the hierarchy believe that their ad vancement comes from their own merit, and that they deserve whatever they can get. * And those who fail, are relegated to the bottom of the social hierarchy in addition to being less advantaged, the poor now have to deal with the shame of lacking in merit. People at the economic elite have found ways to cheat their way to the top, using their money to buy their children private tutors to success in schools approval-tests – still fair? Pros: * Gives everyone essentially a fair chance * Gives you credit for your skills and achievement, not by your ascribed factors. * Don’t judge your background * It reward/punish you by something you can control 2. For each of the following five scholars, please describe their contribution to the study of elites: * Laura NaderThere is now a lot of literature on the poor, the disadvantages, women, blacks and various racial/ethnic groups. There is very little literature of the top of the class people. Laura Nadel encouraged anthropologists to †study up† in the early 1970s by writing the book â€Å"Up the Anthropologist – Perspectives Gained From Studying Up† in 1969. This was a try to get anthropologists to think more about the study of the colonizes rather than the colonized, the culture of power rather than the culture of powerless. But not many followed her advice, sociologists who do research on elites can be counted on two hands.Nader thinks it’s important to study elites because it is an important contribution to any study of inequality – whether down, sideways, or through (1972). * Gaetano Mosca Elite rule is not a moral question, but a social fact. Most societies are ruled by a small number of individuals – and Mosca called this minority the â€Å"ruling class†. Mosca was the first to make a systematic distinction between elite and masses. He says that in every society, it appears two classes of people: A class that rules and a class that is ruled.The rule rs class is small in number, performs all political functions, monopolizes power and enjoys the advantages that power brings. The ruled class, the masses, is directed and controlled by the rulers – in a manner that now is more or less legal, arbitrary and violent. He believes that this class was made distinctive by their superior organizational skills – they were organized. Elites superiority was learned, not inherited. And therefor he suspected it to be more circulation of elites, than reproduction * E. Digby Baltzell Baltzell studied American businessmen of colonial stock.Baltzell believed that the elites ancestors had come to America as poor immigrants and they seized whatever economic opportunities they could. They were the Robber Barons – rising above the rest of the society, living in big mansions, employed servants and socialized in exclusive clubs. They educated their children in private schools, entered the professions and travelled to Europe while stea dily setting themselves apart from ordinary Americans. Snobbete mann, men pa rtoss av det kom han med en god kritisk evaluering av eliten – grunnen til at de har holdt seg sa sterke er fordi de incorporate new immigrants into it ranksBaltzell provided a powerfully critical assessment of American society and the elites that ruled it. He believed that the Protestant Establishment was especially powerful, because it incorporated new immigrants and less wealthy people into its ranks: the more a ruling class is able to assimilate the most prominent men of the dominant classes, the more stable and dangerous it becomes(Karl Marx). * Niccolo Machiavelli Was an Italian historian, politician, diplomat, writer and philosopher. He wrote The Prince in 1532, where he is positive to political elite theory.He means that masterful leaders can be enormously cunning, resourceful and influential. Political parties, masses and interest groups are all controllable: a leader who knows how to use hi s resources wisely can be powerfully independent. In The Prince, he writes that the prince (a leader) should be a strategic man, willing to be ruthless, be powerful – an independent leader. * Pierre Bourdieu Bourdieu examined the way culture, cultural consumption and lifestyles reproduce the privileged positions of the upper class in France, and not only reflect them.He wondered how class structure could be reproduced across generations, when school systems use meritocracy principles to reward people. He found that different classes have different ways of being in the world – he called it Habitus (ways of being). Bourdieu sees Cultural Capital as class-specific cultural codes and practices. The Habitus of the family is passed onto children in the social environment of the home. Children who gets exposed to elite culture at home are advantaged in the school system as teachers reward being conversant in the dominant culture – and that’s how the elite classe s gets reproduced.Culture reproduces class positions. People are looking for â€Å"the right culture background† in others, and reward people for this. 3. Some argue that an economic oligarchy is on the rise in America today. What do you think? Use empirical evidence to substantiate your claims. The economic elite are the 0. 1% – 1% of the elites, and today economic elite power is on the rise. The divide between the very wealthy and everyone else is increasing on a worldwide scale, and it has done this since the 1980s. Elites are the engines of inequality, and the balance of power is skewed heavily and increasingly in their favor.This is not the first time in US history that we have worried about a rise of an oligarchy; The Gilded Age (1870s-1890s) marked the speedy rise of a very wealthy and increasingly exclusive economic elite in the US. They were driven by a lust for money, and had wealth in railroads, manufacturing, mining, oil and land. The elites were ruthless, egoistic and cruel. Many scholars now speak of a new gilded age in America. We have again a big lust for wealth, speculation and unethical business behaviors. But there is also some differences; 1. Todays elites are wealthier 2. They are increasingly concentrated in the financial sector 3.They are more diverse and international 4. They are more likely to be self made, not made from inherited fortune Over time, much greater income and wealth went to the top percent of the people. The top get paid better, get a bigger piece of the income-cake. They are also doing better than the rest of us other vice; better health, more optimistic, better chances of sending children to college, better life quality in general. They are opportunity hoarders, of opportunities that gives better life chances. This is also passed on in the family – if father is rich, it is a big chance that the son as well will become rich.The economic elite dominates the government in many ways, to keep the rise of the oligarchy steady: * The special interest process: through financial support and extensive lobbying, they are able to gain government favors, tax breaks and regulatory ruling what protects their interests. * Policy making process: influence public policy makers through media connections etc. Business experts and advisors are appointed to government committees. * Appointments to government: The high-level government appointees are often chosen from the ranks of the business elite.They fund and influence members of the Congress. The economic elites also maintains by reproducing and circulating themselves. They reproduce by having the same cultural background (same elite schools, same world beliefs, hanging out at the same places, listen to the same music etc – and this is learned into the child from the family). They circulate between positions by sitting on the boards of many organizations at the same time (we often se the same person being in top at both an political and economic leadership organization. They circulate horizontally).Robert Michels is positive to elite leadership: Elite rule is inevitable in modern, bureaucratic organizations. Direct democracy is an impossibility, and organizational imperatives makes elite rule inevitable regardless of the ideological orientation of leaders. The masses are necessarily incompetent, and their large size makes organization impossible There need to be leaders. This is the Iron Law of Oligarchy. Elite leadership is a technical requisite of all modern bureaucracies. It would be chaos with only masses and democracy, and no leaders. Veblen argues against elite leadership.He means that all the winners in societies have forced the losers to perform degrading and difficult tasks – that again have been the functionally and more important tasks in society. By contrast, elites seem to define themselves by their leisure and consumption(fritid og forbruk). Mosca: The power elite is a social fact, but also a s ocial problem. It’s a social problem because of it’s circulating and reproducing factors and their similar characters – they think alike, have similar social and cultural backgrounds, similar opinions and points of view.They have made a winner-takes-it-all society that they all benefit from, so they work hard together to make it stay that way. The top elite makes the American Dream fade for the rest 99% of society. The American upper class is different from the European upper class; it is made up from successful businessmen and lawyers. They are also closely connected to each other, by a shared education, common patterns of socialization, social networks and therefor have similar mindsets. Economic Oligarchy on the rise in America today Empirical evidence: the top 1% of the population gets 17% of all the wealth * top athletes win dozens of sponsorship deals, while competitors that finish seconds behind struggle to attract a single deal. * America has become a wi nner-take-all society; very few winners take a large chunk of the economic pie, leaving the rest with much less to share. * The oligarchy is rising worldwide * Massive expansion of income concentration beginning in the 1980s * Thousands have become unemployed since 2008, while CEOs have continued to receive bonuses and wage increases. Many have lost their retirement savings when the market crashed, while the economic elite continued to enjoy the Bush tax cuts and boosted their life savings. Two arguments for Elite rule: 1. Human nature: * Human beings are inherently different in talents and abilities * Those who have the most of a certain kind of ability constitute some kind of an elite 2. Social organization: * Elites are necessary for a large social organization to function * Elitist tendencies are found in political organizations, trade unions and bureaucratic firms * Complex organizations need trained and experienced leaders.Tell my opinion and experiences! 4. For each of the fo ur concepts below, please describe the concept, identify an author that is associated with it, and describe its significance for the study of elites: * Iron law of oligarchy With Michels in the front this represents the conflict between democracy and oligarchy. He meant that the masses are incompetent and democracy will only lead to chaos in organizations. In that way the oligarchy is inevitable and elites are necessary for an organization to work. Mosca? s opinion is that ruling elites are a social fact, which means that there will always be a ruling class in a society.He characterized them as superior and distinctive. He meant that the ruling elite behavior was learned and not inherited. Therefor it is more circulation than reproduction in the elite class. The ruling class is good to organize comparing to the masses and therefore it will always exist. * Culture of critical discourse Gouldner. The culture of critical discourse (CDD) is characterized by speech that is relatively mor e situation-free, more context of field â€Å"independent†. is an historically evolved set of rules, a grammar of discourse.The culture of critical speech requires that the validity of claims be justified without reference to the speakers societal position or authority. The new class is the intellectual elite Maten a snakke pa, v? re pa uten a nevne deg selv (v? re objektiv) – den nye eliten er intellektuell elite. 2 nye eliter I dag, intellektuell og teknologisk(beste I sitt felt). Nar man argumenterer for sine mater a se verden pa, gjor man det uten a snakke om sin egen mate a se verden pa – det skulle v? re riktig, faktum, ikke ha noe om hvor man kom fra. Det er det man sier som betyr noe, ikke bakgrunn.Ny mate a se pa verden pa, ikke ekskluderende men vil mingle med resten. Vil holde seg over andre ved eget sprak, men slipper andre inn hvis de jobber hardt nok. * Allegory of the cave Plato. Who could be the just ruler of society? The just ruler has to know t he truth, be responsible and willing to make sacrifices that need to be made to be the leader. The story: people in a cave looking at shadows – believing this is the truth and the real world, one is released and get to get out to see the truth. You need to be released from the dominant chain of looking at the world – the masses, and when you are released THEN you can se the truth.True leaders needs to go back and lead the people into the truth. May face death and humiliation. Who are the just leaders? * Graveyard of aristocracies Pareto argues that people are unequal physically, as well as intellectually and morally. In society as a whole, and in any of its particular strata and groupings, some people are more gifted than others. Those who are most capable in any particular grouping are the elite. Meritocracy. Circulation of elites, skills going lost because society and it needs changes. 5. Who governs America? Describe three contrasting positions that we talked about in class.Which of these three do you find most compelling in characterizing the American political elite? Why? Given the existence of economic inequalities, who actually governs in democratic societies? We find three conflicting answers in literature: Pluralist view: Political parties organize the unorganized; they give power to the powerless – elites represent majority will Interest group view: Political parties are nothing more than a collection of interest groups – elites represent group interests Oligarchy argument: Democracy is a mere facade, political elites represent the interests of social and/or economic elitesC. Wright Mills believes that it is the Power Elite who rules America. The Power Elite is composed of a big business, leading military officials, and members of the executive branch of government. They make key decisions them between, circulate between positions and share similar cultural/political views. They are interconnected by similar social backgro unds, shared education and their positional interests. By these factors, they manage to rule America by sharing the same opinions in decision-making. Obama – charismatic

William C. Quantrill and the Lawrence Massacre

William C. Quantrill and the Lawrence Massacre William Clarke Quantrill was a Confederate captain during the American Civil War and was responsible for the Lawrence massacre, which was one of the worst and bloodiest events in the war. Quantrill was born in Ohio in 1837. He decided to become a schoolteacher as a young man and started his profession. However, he decided to leave Ohio to try and make more money for himself and his family. At this time, Kansas was deeply embroiled in violence between pro-slavery and free-soil proponents. He had grown up in a Unionist family, and he himself espoused Free Soil beliefs. He found it hard to make money in Kansas and, after returning home for a time, decided to quit his profession and sign up as a teamster from Fort Leavenworth. His mission in Leavenworth was to resupply the Federal Army embroiled in a fight against the Mormons in Utah. During this mission, he met numerous pro-slavery Southerners who deeply affected his beliefs. By the time he returned from his mission, he had become a staunch Southern supporter. He also found that he could make much more money through thievery. Thus, Quantrill began a much less legitimate career. When the Civil War began, he gathered a small band of men and began making profitable hit-and-run attacks against the Federal troops. Quantrill's Deeds Quantrill and his men staged numerous raids into Kansas during the early part of the Civil War. He was quickly labeled an outlaw by the Union for his attacks on pro-Union forces. He was involved in several skirmishes with Jayhawkers (pro-Union guerilla bands) and eventually was made a Captain in the Confederate Army. His attitude towards his role in the Civil War drastically changed in 1862 when the Commander of the Department of Missouri, Major General Henry W. Halleck ordered that guerrillas such as Quantrill and his men would be treated as robbers and murderers, not normal prisoners of war. Before this proclamation, Quantrill acted as if he were a normal soldier adhering to principals of accepting enemy surrender. After this, he gave an order to give no quarter. In 1863, Quantrill set his sights on Lawrence, Kansas which he said was full of Union sympathizers. Before the attack occurred, many female relatives of Quantrills Raiders were killed when a prison collapsed in Kansas City. The Union Commander was given the blame and this fanned the already fearsome flames of the Raiders. On August 21, 1863, Quantrill led his band of about 450 men into Lawrence, Kansas. They attacked this pro-Union stronghold killing over 150 men, few of them offering resistance. In addition, Quantrills Raiders burned and looted the town. In the North, this event became known as the Lawrence Massacre and was vilified as one of the worst events of the Civil War. The Motive Quantrill was either a Confederate patriot punishing northern sympathizers or a profiteer taking advantage of the war for his own and his mens benefit. The fact that his band did not kill any women or children would seem to point to the first explanation. However, the group did wantonly kill men who were most likely simple farmers many without any real connection to the Union. They also burned numerous buildings to the ground. The looting further suggests that Quantrill did not have purely ideological motives for attacking Lawrence. However, in response to this, many of the Raiders are said to have ridden through the streets of Lawrence yelling Osceola. This referred to an event in Osceola, Missouri where Federal Officer, James Henry Lane, had his men burn and loot both Loyal and Confederate sympathizers indiscriminately. Quantrill's Legacy as an Outlaw Quantrill was killed in 1865 during a raid in Kentucky. However, he quickly became a celebrated figure of the Civil War from the southern perspective. He was a hero to his supporters in Missouri, and his fame actually helped several other outlaw figures of the Old West. The James Brothers and the Youngers used the experienced they gained riding with Quantrill to help them rob banks and trains. Members of his Raiders gathered from 1888 to 1929 to recount their war efforts. Today there is a William Clarke Quantrill Society dedicated to the study of the Quantrill, his men and the border wars.

The topic has to be discussed with the writer Outline

The topic has to be discussed with the writer - Outline Example The research aims at answering how the ‘struggle on terror’ and the humanitarian communication reveal the use of information that imitates the genuine motives for eliminating war. Humanitarian researchers argued that, some humanitarian crises that were motivated politically could only be handled by crucial movements of state authority (Crovelli, 2007).Previously, compassionate action was not involved in humanitarian activities, and accepted within the humanitarian freedom a region free of political meddling beneath what can be referred to as a principle of silent impartiality (Abiew, 2010). This theory was accomplished by the (ICRC) International Committee of the Red Cross in the civil war of 1967-1970 in Nigerian-Biafran (Bajoria, 2008). Researchers and other human activists stimulated a political humanitarian achievement (Barber, 2009). In the beginning, it was the role of the government to provide humanitarian liberation even though the violating government failed to give permission (Abebe, 2009). The notion of humanitarian intervention about the right to interfere with humanitarian basis was second-handed by the UN in Iraq and Somalia during the 1991 and 1992, and in 1994 by the France government in Rwanda (Abbott, 2005). Complete application of this method to humanitarian achievement came in to shape United Nations Protection Force activity in Bosnia during 1994-95 (Dantiki, 2005). Evidence indicated that United Nations Protection Force function was to transport humanitarian assistance to refugees, and the surrounded civilian people in towns experiencing wars in areas like Sarajevo (Fisher, 2007). Alternatively, the main weakness of this method was that the interference did not denote stopping the real hostility that was leading to humanitarian catastrophe (Focarelli, 2008). The UN military force was only authorized to protect them, or defend the humanitarian workforce seeking to hand out aid to the civilians (Gutierrez, 2006). The

Clinical Supervision Importance in Practices Nursing Essay

Clinical Supervision Importance in Practices Nursing - Essay Example As nurses, we play a big role which ensures those patients are cared for and receives quality medical health care. Clinical supervision provides the possibility of bringing about change in this process. The objective of this paper is to provide a reflection of my own performance as a clinical supervisor to a peer colleague and recommend a future developmental need that I might have worked as a clinical supervisor. My reflective report will be based on John Driscoll’s model of structured reflection. I will use the model as a guide to assist me reflects upon significant events in my most recent clinical supervision. I decided to choose this model since I found it most relevant to my reflective style. The model provided me with a good guideline of potential questions, such as the what? So what? and now what? which influenced my flow of thought without having to map out the entire reflective process. In the reflective report, I will provide a descriptive account of events at my wo rkplace, analysis of the behavior and emotional context and conclude with a feasible action plan summarizing my future developmental needs as a clinical supervisor might be met. In conformity with the NMC code of conduct, confidentiality will be maintained throughout the essay. What is clinical supervision? Research reveals that clinical supervision is an aspect that affects all practicing nurses. However, it has often been regarded as something new, since its application began in the early 1990s with the support of Nursing and Midwifery. Since then, the concept has evolved and is being adopted in all the fields of healthcare and its allied world such as psychiatry, physiotherapy, and counseling (Jones 2003, 224-228). Brunero and Stein-Parbury (2010, p.87) defines clinical supervision as the processes of professional support and learning where nurses are assisted in developing their practice through regular discussion time with knowledgeable and experienced colleagues. Fowler (1996, p.27) notes that during clinical supervision, nurses engage in reflection processes in order to be able to identify and meet their need for professional development. According to Van Ooijen 2000, p.14-16) the purpose of clinical supervision is to improve nursing practice and as such needs to be focused on nurse-patient interaction. Canham & Bennet (2008, p. 63) support this arguing that the essence of clinical supervision is the support and the development of the nurse.